Vice President – Business Strategy
TIMET, Titanium Metals Corporation
Topic:  Structures

Mr. Seiner, TIMET's Vice President of Business Strategy, oversees the Marketing, Product Management, Purchasing and Production Planning organizations for TIMET. In this role, he has responsibility for and visibility into all aspects of TIMET’s supply chain.

Henry is based in TIMET's Toronto, OH facility which is geographically and structurally located in the middle of TIMET's global supply chain. He has held various positions in Production Planning, Manufacturing, Purchasing and Marketing in his 25 year tenure at TIMET.

He currently serves as Vice President of the ITA and chairman of the Aerospace Committee. This fall he will become President of the ITA and chairman of the Membership committee.

Prior to coming to TIMET, Henry spent six years at U. S. Steel Corporation in Sales, Marketing and Production Planning. His educational background includes a Masters Degree from Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, PA and a Bachelors Degree from Duke University in Durham, NC. Henry is a native of Pittsburgh and continues to reside in Western Pennsylvania.

 

No video proceedings will be provided for this speaker.

President
Arconic Engineered Structures
Topic:  Military / Defense

Jeremy Halford is President of Arconic Engineered Structures, a global leader in engineered titanium products for the aerospace, defense, and oil and gas markets. He joined the Company in January 2017.

Prior to Arconic, Jeremy served as president of Doncasters Power Systems, international manufacturer of high-precision alloy components, where he was responsible for the aerospace and industrial gas turbine businesses. While there, Jeremy improved operations and strengthened relationships with key engine manufacturers to win positions on their next-generation platforms.

Prior to Doncasters, Jeremy served from 2005 to 2012 in a progression of leadership roles at Alcoa. He led Alcoa Power and Propulsion’s Large and Aluminum Structural Castings as general manager, overseeing operations in Canada, France and the U.S. He also served as director, marketing and strategic product development in the Electrical and Electronic Solutions business unit; director, corporate strategy and mergers and acquisitions, Engineered Products and Solutions; and as director, marketing, Structural Castings and Specialty Products. Prior to 2005, he held management positions at Delphi in the areas of venture development, manufacturing, engineering, and technology.

Jeremy holds a degree in mechanical engineering from GMI Manufacturing and Engineering Institute (now Kettering University), and was awarded an MBA from Harvard University Graduate School of Business Administration where he attended on a GM/Delphi fellowship.  Dealerscope, a magazine for the consumer electronics industry, named Jeremy a recipient of its 40 under 40 award in 2005.

Director of Product Management
ATI Specialty Materials
Topic:  Engines

President
VSMPO Tirus US
Topic:  Russian Titanium Market

Michael Metz joined VSMPO - Tirus, US in November 2003 as Vice President, Commercial and was named President of the organization in 2007. VSMPO is the largest producer of titanium in the world, vertically integrated from titanium sponge manufacture through melting and mill products such as plate, sheet, bar, billet, wire, and welded and seamless tubing. In addition, VSMPO supplies titanium closed die forgings for airframe and engine applications. Mike has served on the International Titanium Association Board of Directors since 2007 holding the positions of Director, Vice President and President.

He has significant experience in the titanium industry, having had held positions in sales, distribution, product management, market research and forecasting at Titanium Metals Corporation from 1986 to 2003 before joining VSMPO. Mike graduated from Hamilton College in 1981 with a BA in economics, and from Carnegie – Mellon University in 1983 with an MBA

President
Neotiss High Performance Tube
Topic:  Industrial Markets

Albert BRUNEAU is President of Neotiss High Performance Tube (formerly Vallourec) since 2013. Neotiss, headquartered in France, is the worldwide leader of titanium and stainless steel welded tubes for heat exchangers, with facilities and sales forces based in five countries on three continents: France, United States, China, India and Korea. Prior to Vallourec Heat Exchanger Tubes, Albert Bruneau has held numerous senior sales & marketing management positions within Vallourec group mainly for the Oil & Gas industry, involved in Europe, South America, Africa and Middle East. Albert Bruneau graduated from French Engineering School ESPCI and conducted one Executive MBA at the French Business School HEC.

General Manager
BAOJI TITANIUM INDUSTRY CO., LTD.
Topic:  China Outlook

Mr. Lei Rangqi has been Director in BAOJI TITANIUM INDUSTRY CO., LTD. since November 2010. He is also Chairman of the Board in another titanium industry company, as well as Deputy General Manager in Baoti Group Co., Ltd. He used to serve as Deputy General Manager, Deputy Manager of Sales and Manager of Sales in the Company.

Vice President Metallic Materials
Airbus S.A.S.

Group Manager Additive Manufacturing – Electron Beam Melting
Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM

Processing of Ti-based Alloys by EBM: From Powder to Component
Electron beam melting (EBM®) is a technology for additive manufacturing (AM), which is able to produce metallic components with a high degree of complexity using computer aided design (CAD) data. EBM® is a powder-bed-based technology, which creates high density parts by selectively melting the powder in a layer-by-layer way.

To date, most of the work has been done on Ti-based alloys, because specific characteristics of EBM combine with these alloys in a favorable way, namely (i) EBM being a hot process (i.e. each powder layer is pre-heated by the electron beam prior to melting) and thereby reducing residual stresses / cracks and support structure density and (ii) vacuum being the process atmosphere, which helps to keep impurity levels very low.

In the presentation, current R&D topics in the field of processing Ti-base alloys using EBM will be presented. After an introduction on process characteristics, aspects of powder assessment and process specifics of TiAl will be highlighted. Furthermore, case studies of EBM-processed example parts made of Ti-base alloys will be shown and explained with respect to their suitability for EBM.

Burghardt Klöden graduated as »Dipl.-Phys.« in physics from Dresden University of Technology, Germany, and University of Sheffield, UK, in 2002. In 2006, Burghardt obtained his »Dr. rer. nat.« (PhD) degree from TU Dresden, Faculty of Natural Sciences. He has joined the Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM as a scientific researcher in 2006, where he established »Additive Manufacturing by Electron Beam Melting« as a new field of research and manages this department as the responsible Group Manager since 2016. He has worked with additive manufacturing / 3D printing technologies for more than 5 years, focusing now on electron beam melting technology (metal 3D printing) and aspects of powder for additive manufacturing.

Head of Department Electron Beam
Fraunhofer Institute for Organic Electronics, Electron Beam and Plasma Technology FEP
Dresden, Germany

Challenges and Opportunities for the Electron Beam in further Development of Additive Manufacturing
Electron Beam Melting (EBM) is a technology for Additive Manufacturing (AM) of complex free-form parts in a powder bed. Thanks to the high power density, scribing speed and energy absorption efficiency of electron beams, comparably large building rates can be achieved, even with high-melting metals, such as titanium and titanium alloys. Growing demands on EBM technology result from the industry’s desire to produce larger parts with challenging complexity, improved surface quality and shape precision but at lower cost. This calls for the development of next-generation electron beam systems and process control technologies.

For more than 20 years, Fraunhofer FEP has been developing special electron beam sources and technologies for a wide field of applications, such as electron beam welding, evaporation and structuring. The presentation will review some examples which could contribute to further advancement of AM by EBM.

The extension of the accessible electron beam parameters’ range, the use of fast beam deflection and highly dynamic spot shape correction provide new possibilities for the building process. Imaging methods for in-situ quality control are becoming increasingly important. In addition to the building process itself, electron beam technology offers attractive opportunities for post-processing and refining, such as polishing of rough surfaces or plasma-activated deposition of functionalizing coatings by electron beam high-rate evaporation. Some examples will be presented and discussed.

Christoph Metzner is division director “Electron Beam” at the Fraunhofer Institute for Organic Electronics, Electron Beam and Plasma Technology FEP in Dresden. After he earned his diploma in physics from the Technical University in Dresden in 1986 he specialized in photo physics and received his PhD from the Otto-von-Guericke University in Magdeburg in 1999. Since 2008, he has been honorary professor at the Dresden University of Applied Sciences. His research fields are vacuum coating of metal strips and sheets, photovoltaics, electron beam evaporation, melting and refining and other electron beam technologies.

Head of Analytics Department
Access e. V.

Additive Manufacturing of Titanium Aluminide Turbine Blades in Comparison to Conventional Manufacturing Methods
Titanium Aluminides, weighting only half of conventional Ni-based turbine blade alloys, are increasingly used in jet engines since a few years. Because the material presents a challenge in terms of different steps of conventional production, additive manufacturing methods like selective Electron Beam Melting (EBM) 3D-metal-printing as alternative production routes with potential advantages are getting in focus.

EBM based 3D-printing of a typical low pressure turbine blade is compared with the three conventional production routes, investment casting, forging and milling. The widely used TiAl alloy Ti–48Al–2Cr–2Nb and the same LPT blade geometry is used for three of the production routes, whereas for the forging route, a suitable alloy was chosen from the Ti – Al – Nb – Mo – B system (TNM). The survey covers aspects of costs, time to market, properties, microstructure, machining, waste material, standards and raw materials.

EBM 3D-metal-printing is capable of producing several net shape parts in one built job using gas atomized metal powders as raw material. Subsequent to the AM manufacturing process, the support has to be removed, the remaining powder material has to be recycled and the produced parts need further machining, heat treatment and HIPing.

Mr. Mathes is Head of Analytics Department at Access e.V., providing SEM, Computed Tomography and other analytical Methods in a material science environment. He is also strongly involved in materials research related additive manufacturing projects. Mr. Mathes was and is involved in several projects using different additive manufacturing methods for Titanium based parts also as hybrid approach in combination with investment casting. He joined Access in 1987 to build up the analytic department. Since 2014 Mr. Mathes is representing Access e.V. as materials research partner of ACAM (Aachen Center for Additive Manufacturing).

Global Sales & Marketing Director
Fine Tubes - Specialty Metal Products

R&D Engineer Metallurgical Technologies
COMTES FHT a.s. 

Associate Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Technical University of Denmark

Future Trends in Gaseous Surface Hardening of Titanium and Titanium Alloys

Titanium is a light weight highly corrosion resistant material used in many different industries such as aerospace, biomedical, military and chemical processing. Titanium is also biocompatible and is one of the materials of choice for implants and medical devices. Furthermore, it is widely used in 3D metal printing, which is becoming increasingly popular in industry. One of the major shortcomings of titanium (and its alloys) is its poor wear resistance, which hinders a more widespread use of the material in applications involving wear. Surface engineering is the classical way to improve the wear performance of materials, but for the case of titanium, this is not trivial due to titanium’s very strong affinity to interstitially dissolvable elements. The present contribution presents new gaseous thermochemical routes for surface hardening of titanium and its alloys.

New methods for gaseous low temperature surface hardening of titanium by incorporation of interstitial oxygen will be presented. It will be shown that relatively deep and hard diffusion zones of oxygen in solid solution can be obtained by chemically controlled low-partial pressure oxidation. Moreover, new routes for high temperature gaseous surface hardening of titanium will be shown. Combinations of different interstitial elements give rise to unique and intriguing materials properties and behavior, such as enhanced solubility in titanium and faster growth rates.

Thomas L. Christiansen is an associate professor at the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Technical University of Denmark, Section for Materials and Surface Engineering. He has been working with gaseous thermochemical surface treatment of metallic materials for more than 18 years. In particular, with special focus on surface hardening of self-passivating alloys such as titanium and stainless steels. He is currently project leader on a research project funded by the Danish research council investigating interstitial elements (nitrogen/oxygen/nitrogen) in titanium (alloys) - with special emphasis on surface hardening. Besides his academic career he is the co-founder of two companies working with surface hardening of metallic materials.

R&D Project Manager - Additive Manufacturing
Quebec Metallurgy Center (CMQ)

Repair of Ti-6Al-4V Cast Part by Directed Energy Deposition
Parts presenting casting defects linked to the surface are usually discard. The use of powder based directed energy deposition (DED), allows repairing such parts, which decreases the ratio of rejected parts, therefore increasing production efficiency. The presentation will demonstrate this through a representative case of cast part, which presented shrinkage porosity that was connected to the surface. Without repair this part would have been discarded.

Directed energy deposition using powder projected into a laser beam can rebuild surfaces with precision while limiting the distortion as opposed to repairs produced using traditional welding. For this reason, this cast part presenting defects was selected to evaluate the capability of DED to produce sound repairs. The defective area of the part was machined off and consequently repaired by DED to its original dimensions. Grade 5 Ti-6Al-4V powder was used to obtain the same composition as the cast part. Tensile specimens were printed using the same parameters as the repair on the cast part. Following the repair, the part and the tensile specimens were submitted to HIP and anneal heat treatments in accordance to AMS 4999. The part and the tensile specimens were inspected by radiography and ultrasonic testing and the results show that they were conform to standards for those cast parts. The microstructure at the interface of the part and the repaired section is similar on both side and this zone was absent of defects. Furthermore, the resulting mechanical properties were shown to be higher than the requirements for the cast part and repair made by DED.

Dr Alexandre Bois-Brochu has been working at the Quebec Metallurgy Center (CMQ) as a R&D project manager since 2012. He has completed his Ph.D. in 2017 in Material and Metallurgical Science from Laval University on the “Effects of crystallographic texture on static mechanical properties of Al-Li aerospace alloy 2099 T83”. He graduated in Metallurgical and Material Engineering in Laval University in 2009.

Research Program Director
CSIRO

Towards an Australian Titanium Industry
Australia has abundant natural resources, including in titanium minerals, but does not presently produce titanium metal. At the other end of the value chain, numerous initiatives in metallic additive manufacturing, combined with the Australian government’s increased prioritisation of Defence research and manufacturing, are increasing the focus on titanium as a key part of future manufacturing strategy. The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, or CSIRO, is active in metallic additive manufacturing primarily through its ‘Lab22 Innovation Centre’ and more broadly across the value chain through its Metal Industries Research Program.

This presentation will present the state of the industry in Australia through the lens of its national research agency, highlighting key initiatives in developing metal production, commercialising technologies, and conducting research that will further develop applications and opportunities.

Dr Leon Prentice is Research Program Director of CSIRO’s Metal Industries Research Program, part of its Manufacturing Business Unit. His Program works across the value chain in Titanium, from metal reduction technologies through powder modification to additive manufacturing, underpinned by a strong focus on multi-scale and multi-physics modelling. A key priority is the development and uptake of new technologies into commercial outcomes, assisting Australian industry grow and transition into new business models and opportunities. Dr Prentice joined CSIRO in 2007 to lead projects in light metals, initially leading CSIRO’s carbothermal magnesium technology (‘MagSonic™’) and subsequently a major titanium production project. He is a Chartered Professional Engineer and active in both Australian and international professional bodies.

Strategic Business Manager
Bodycote

The Elimination of Defects in Titanium 3D Components
Titanium components manufactured via 3D metal printing may exhibit internal defects as a function of the layer by layer build process. A series of 3D printed samples were built to show the effect of how the Hot Isostatic Pressing process can eliminate internal defects that occur during the metal 3D printing process. The sample sets have a series of purposely created defects. The presentation will reveal via metallurgical evaluation that Hot Isostatic Pressed samples sets show the elimination of defects, while as built samples show the defects in place.  The presentation will show tensile testing results of the as built samples that have defect have reduced mechanical strength compared to the Hot Isostatic Pressed samples.  The presentation will provide recommendations for processing titanium 3D components.

Titanium Product Manager
Continental Steel & Tube

The Future of the Global Bicycle Industry
This report presents an in-depth assessment of the future of the bicycle industry globally along with the segments that support it like the titanium industry. It explains the current drivers of the bicycle industry in different world regions and it emphasizes on the growing demand for titanium bicycles and the expected global sales market in 2022. The bicycle industry is expected to continue growing as various entities around the globe advocate for cleaner environment, cheaper energy and a healthier lifestyle. High demand for low-cost transportation in developing countries as well in the US and Europe will increase the relevance of bicycles and help the entire market grow over the next five years. Titanium will remain an essential metal for all types of bicycle producers since the costs associated with production have reduced considerably in the past few years due to new innovative manufacturing technologies. Titanium is now used for the production of regular, everyday bikes, unlike in the past when it was utilized only for producing bicycles used in professional events. This report finally details the production, consumption, revenue and market share and growth rate of titanium bicycles in different regions worldwide. The bicycle industry is expected to continue growing in a rapid manner in the public sector and with new competition trying to enter the market.

Andrea Carolina was born in Colombia and moved to South Florida when she was 12 years old. After attending school at Florida International University she worked in the aerospace industry supporting the C-130 and F-16 Programs for 4 years which gave her a good background and understanding of the industry. Since 2008 she has held the position of Titanium Product Manager at Continental Steel & Tube. During the past 10 years she has substantially grow CS&T’s titanium business while supporting many different industries such as automotive racing, oil and gas, bicycle and construction among others. Being bilingual in English and Spanish has been a very valuable asset in her career development, allowing her to fully interact in the international market.

Principal Researcher
Korea Institute of Materials Science

Porous Titanium for Medical Device Applications
Titanium and titanium alloys have been extensively used in medical devices such as orthopedic and dental implants owing to their excellent corrosion resistance, good biocompatibilities, reasonable mechanical properties and relatively low elastic modulus. Porous metals have been recently paid attention for biomedical implants owing to the tissue-implant integration by tissue ingrowth into porous space and light weight. Further, porous metal implants may provide better strength and toughness than polymer or ceramic based biomedical implants. Porous titanium has been so far used in mainly surface coating layer of orthopedic and dental implants, such as bead/mesh coated hip stems, acetabular cups, femoral components and so on. Porous titanium also has a promising future for bulk implant applications such as spinal cages and craniofacial implants. The spinal cage requires good mechanical strength, tissue-implant integration and low mismatch in elastic modulus between cage and bone. Additive manufacturing has recently promoted the adaptation of porous titanium for medical devices with different and complex design. In this study, we have fabricated porous titanium samples with different pore structures using layer manufacturing and powder sintering processes. Porosity, pore structures, mechanical properties of porous titanium were evaluated. In vitro biocompatibilities such as cytotoxicity, osteoblast-like cell attachment and proliferation were characterized. Further, effect of pore structure on bone ingrowth behavior will be discussed as well.

Dr. Seung Eon KIM is working for the Titanium Department in Korea Institute of Materials Science. His major field of study is alloy design, processing and evaluation of titanium based alloys. He is currently interested in beta titanium alloys and porous titanium for biomedical applications.

R&D Process Manager
ACB

Hot Forming of Titanium: Industrial Solutions for Effective Manufacturing
ACB is part of the ARIES ALLIANCE group with ist sisters company Cyril Bath, Dufieux and Aries Manufacturing.

Through all these companies the group proposes unique services from the press manufacturing to the part industrialization adapted to a niche market. Regarding increasing demand on titanium part in the aerosapce industry for aerostructure and engines as well, ACB si able to propose turnkey solutions including full workshop to answer client demands. Focus will be made on Hot Forming technologies for thin titanium part and case study will be presented in order to show last development done to comply with the increase of production rate of part in the aerospace industry.

Bio:
Master graduate in materials engineering from Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine (INPL - EEIGM school) and from University of Saarland (Germany) - 2008
2008-2012: Process engineer in Surface Coating - Viessmann group
2012-2016: Material and Process Engineers in charge of Hot Formign technologies development - ACB
2016-208: R&D Process Manager - ACB

Manager Solutions Engineering EMEA Aerospace
Kennametal Shared Services GmbH

High Performance Production of Titanium Aerostructures Components
Our global Aerospace Engineering Teams support our customers producing Titanium Aerostructures Components in providing the best Metal Cutting Products, (such as Indexable Milling Cutters, Solid Carbide Endmills and Drilling Tools); providing Engineering Support; providing Pre-acceptance Support and Run Off Support for the new component manufacturing at our customers. With my presentation I would like to introduce the new HARVI Ultra 8X Helical Milling Cutter Program How we have developed it and which benefit it provides to the customers applying it.

Bio:
- Apprenticeship as a Die & Mold Maker at ABB Metrawatt GmbH Nuremberg;
- A-Level at Fachoberschule Neumarkt;
- Military Service 12 month at Heersefliegerstaffel; first contact with helicopter maintainance and repair;
- Studies Mechanical Engineering at the Georg-Simon-Ohm Technische Hochschule Nuermberg with Diploma Degree;
while studying Internship at Cherry Electrical Products Inc. at Waukegan, IL / USA (6 month)
while studying Diploma Thesis at Cherry GmbH at Auerbach / Germany (6 month);
- Designer for Special Milling Cutters with Kennametal at Fuerth;
- Project Engineer Aerospace EMEA with Kennametal;
- Section Leader Aerospace Projects EMEA with Kennametal
- Manager Project Engineering Aerospace EMEA with Kennametal
- Manager Solutions Engineering Aerospace with Kennametal;
- Leader of the Global Aerostructures Components Team;
- Leader of the Global Aero Engine Components Team;

Senior Research Fellow
Advanced Forming Reserch Centre, University of Strathclyde

From powder to the final shape in two steps - hot forging of the Ti64 titanium alloy consolidated using FAST process
The low cost methods of producing titanium alloys powder, exploiting FFC(R) Cambridge process, open opportunity for novel routes of manufacturing titanium components and their wider applications, which is currently limited due to the high production cost of both powder and wrought material. One of the proposed routes is FASTForge process in which a low cost titanium alloy powder is consolidated into preforms using field assisted sintering technology (FAST) and forged into the final shape. Investigations carried out so far in this field were usually at the lab scale while the work presented in this paper moves investigation to the industrial scale. The aim of the work was to compare mechanical properties and microstructure of Ti64 components produced using the FastForge route with those forged from the wrought material. However, the Ti64 powder used in experiments was a commercial powder available on the market. The preforms were forged at 940OC on a 160kJ screw press and subjected to the solution heat treatment at 950oC and 940 oC followed, in some cases, by ageing at 700 oC. Microstructure obtained after each step of the process was characterised using optical microscopy. Finite element modelling was employed to compute the history of temperature, strain rate as well as accumulated plastic strain to understand the evolution of the initial lamellar microstructure during thermomechanical processing. Being produced from the powder, FAST-consolidated material has Widmanstädten microstructure but with quite small primary beta grains. This type of microstructure is diametrically different from the commercial bulk material normally used for industrial forging (obtained after the chain of hot working operations during manufacturing the alloy). Although FAST-consolidation method provides the ability to obtain the material without porosity, the transformation of this non-typical microstructure during forging and resulting final mechanical properties of forged material are of interest from the viewpoint of feasibility of using this powder technology for the production of critical aerospace components.

COO / Technical Director
Hangsterfer's Laboratories, Inc.

Sustainable Cutting Fluids
Most of the cutting fluids being used today are based on technologies developed in the 1970’s and contain obsolete ingredients. Modern machining processes can greatly benefit from Sustainable Cutting Fluid Technology. Advances in Cutting Fluids incorporate all mechanisms of tool wear prevention and do not rely heavily on bulk lubrication. Even worse is the fact that many of these obsolete fluids that are currently being used for the machining of very critical and complex parts are going to be removed from the market or require major reformulations. The need for the user of cutting fluids to understand these tribology principals and the more complicated environmental regulations will be discussed. Special attention has to be paid to this critical component used in the metalworking process, verification of sustainability must be done now so to prevent any manufacturing and production disruptions to the supply chain.

Topics will include REACh, GHS, and other regulatory issues regarding Boron, Formaldehyde, Secondary Amines, Short and Medium Chain Chlorinated Paraffin.  Sustainable and environmentally friendly lubricants are available if you are not using one it is time to start testing now. Often these Sustainable Cutting Fluids will outperform the obsolete technologies that are common in the market.

Major improvements of tool life and surface quality can be achieved with these Sustainable Cutting Fluids, especially on Titanium, Nickel and Black Metal (Composites). 

Edward Jones is a third generation metalworking fluid expert. He is a Certified Metalworking Fluid Specialist (CMFS) under the Society of Tribology and Lubrication Engineers (STLE). His formal education is in business, engineering and science along with over 30 years of experience in the metalworking industry. Ed has extensive expertise in the areas of Coolants, Cutting Oils, Metalforming, Machine Lubricants, Cleaning, Corrosion, Coatings, Composites, Machines, Tooling and Metallurgy. As Chief Operating Officer/Technical Director at Hangsterfer’s, Ed ensures that they manufacture the highest quality and highest performance products without compromising on health, safety, and environmental standards.

Director
MetaFensch | Institut de Métallurgie du Val de Fensch 

Titanium Remelting Studies Using a Semi-Industrial PAM-CHR
Upscaling from laboratory trials to industrialization is a critical – and oftentimes poorly managed – step in the development of new metallurgical processes and products.  Pilot trials are an important way to bridge this “valley of death” by providing data that can be used to better understand and model the industrial-scale process, thereby reducing investment risk and gaining time.  That being said, pilot-scale tools are costly and complicated to operate and some uncertainty can remain as to the relevance of results.
Different examples will be presented to illustrate the advantages and difficulties of this type of study for titanium remelting:

Neill McDonald joined MetaFensch (Metz, France) as director shortly after its creation and participated in the design, installation and operation of its semi-industrial scale furnaces, notably those used for titanium remelting and atomization studies.  Prior to this, he held R&D posts at Arcelor Research (Maizières-lès-Metz, France) and Saint-Gobain (Paris, France) working for more than 10 years on melting, energy consumption and raw materials for various industrial processes.  Neill obtained an engineering degree in Metals and Materials Engineering from the University of British Columbia (Vancouver, Canada) and holds M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Materials Science, with a focus on metallurgy and steelmaking, from Carnegie Mellon University (Pittsburgh, PA, USA).

R&D Department
GfE Metalle und Materialien GmbH

Production of TiAl Alloys
During the last decade, TiAl alloys have been used as turbine blades of the low pressure turbine in three newly developed aircraft engine families with highest efficiency (GEnx, PW1000G and LEAP). It is interesting that three different component production routes were developed (investment casting, forging, direct machining from oversized semi-finished products, whereas TiAl alloy production is based on two different production routes. The aim of this presentation is to review and evaluate the present technologies of industrial TiAl alloy production. Metallurgical alloying techniques such as vacuum arc remelting (VAR), plasma arc melting (PAM) and electron beam melting (EBM) are being shortly described and evaluated with regard to their advantages and disadvantages from both technical and economical point of view. Particular focus is set on some specifics in metallurgical processing of TiAl alloys compared to Ti and Ti alloys such as the formation of Ti-rich inclusions and the cracking phenomenon. Outstanding requests on the accuracy of chemical composition, microstructural homogeneity, acceptable local deviations of alloying elements, small sizes of the products and, additionally, the very limited  wrought processing capability of TiAl alloys require a set of adjusted metallurgical technologies for the manufacturing of TiAl based semi-finished products.

I have been doing my Bachelor and Masters in Materials Science from October 2011 until February 2017 in Erlangen. In that time I started working as a student at GfE. I have learned a lot about titanium aluminides and the corresponding processes. Now I am working at GfE Nuernberg in the R&D department for Titanium aluminides. We are responsible for the process development as well as research in the alloy compositions.

R&D Engineer, Process Simulation
ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH

Production of High-Quality Titanium Alloy Powder from Scrap – An Integrated Concept
Most manufacturing processes of high-quality titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4Vn components for aviation and other demanding industries create large amounts of residual and waste materials. Recycling these valuable materials and their return into the value chain is an ongoing research topic and critical to meet future economic, environmental and sustainability requirements.
   
This paper describes a novel integrated concept for recycling Ti-6Al-4Vn materials remaining after manufacturing aircraft structural components into high-quality, spherical Ti-6Al-4Vn powder using a multi-stage process. First, the Ti-6Al-4Vn scrap is de-oiled, washed and dried to prepare for the subsequent process steps. Second, electron beam (EB) melting is used to melt, purify and consolidate the cleaned scrap material into round metal bars to be used as electrodes in the powder making step. Finally, the electrodes are converted into Ti-6Al-4Vn powder using electrode induction melting inert gas atomization (EIGA) technology.       

Sergejs Spitans is a process engineer in the R&D department of the ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH since 2016. His current work focuses on numerical modelling of multi-physical processes like Vacuum Arc Remelting (VAR), Electrode Induction melting for Gas Atomization (EIGA) and Vacuum Induction Melting (VIM) in ceramic-, cold-crucible or crucible-less furnaces. He has obtained his PhD degree in Physics from the University of Latvia in 2015. His doctoral research on the large-scale levitation melting of metals has been done in the Institute of Electrotechnology, Leibniz University of Hannover in Germany and has been recognized by ANSYS Hall of Fame and Werner von Siemens Excellence Awards. Previously, he was a Researcher in the University of Latvia and was responsible for development of coupled EM field and free surface flow simulations for induction melting applications. He has authored over 10 scientific publications.

Managing Director
Specialty Metals Company

Titanium Sponge Outlook

Mr. Gehler is Managing Director of Specialty Metals Company in Brussels, Belgium and Chairman of the Board of the UST Kamenogorsk Titanium and Magnesium Plant, a leading integrated producer of titanium sponge and magnesium located in Kazakhstan. He is a native of Strasbourg, France and holds a B.A. from Strasbourg University. He began his career in high temperature alloys recycling and held a management position in an international trading company. Specialty Metals Company, a specialist of metals for high temperature alloys, is a majority shareholder of UKTMP and market their products worldwide.

No video proceedings will be provided for this speaker.

Director Business Unit Alloys
GfE Metalle und Materialien GmbH (AMG TITANIUM ALLOYS & COATINGS)

Master Alloys – Production, raw material situation and influences on future supply
Master Alloys are used in the titanium alloy industry as alloying elements to improve the mechanical properties of final alloys such as anti-corrosion and heat resistance. After introduction to the topic of Master Alloys and their applications the presentation will focus on the production methods and the raw material situation. Furthermore it will discuss factors expected to influence future supply and challenges.

Peter Baumeister, director of GfE’s business unit Alloys, has the responsibility for production, sales, engineering and the supply chain of this business. Peter joined GfE in the beginning of 2017 and holds a degree in mechanical engineering from Technical University of Munich. In his career he held different positions in the area of engineering, technology, division and plant management in the field of innovative lightweight applications for the transportation industry.